In mechanical engineering, fasteners play a crucial role as they can firmly connect various components together, ensuring the normal operation of mechanical devices. However, there are many types of fasteners, each with its unique application scenarios and characteristics. In order to help everyone better understand and apply fasteners, this article will adopt a progressive structure, comprehensively introducing the classification methods of fasteners from basic to advanced.

1、 Basic article: Basic classification of fasteners

There are many types of fasteners, but they can be roughly divided into the following categories based on their functions and usage:

1. Bolt: A bolt is a common fastener that is usually used in conjunction with a nut to achieve fastening by tightening the nut. There are many types of bolts, including hexagonal head bolts, square head bolts, round head bolts, etc.

2. Nut: A nut is a fastener used in conjunction with a bolt, and the tightness of the bolt can be adjusted by rotating the nut. There are also various types of nuts, such as hexagonal nuts, square nuts, welded nuts, etc.

3. Gaskets: Gaskets are usually placed between bolts and nuts to increase contact area, reduce pressure distribution, and prevent loosening. There are also many types of washers, including flat washers, spring washers, locking washers, etc.

4. Screw: A screw is a threaded fastener that can be directly screwed into the threaded hole of the connected part to achieve fastening. The types of screws are also very diverse, including machine screws, self tapping screws, tightening screws, etc.

2、 Advanced article: Introduction to special types of fasteners

In addition to the common fasteners mentioned above, there are also some special types of fasteners that play important roles in specific scenarios.

1. Rivet: A rivet is a fastener that is connected by riveting. One end of it has a hat head, and the other end is rod-shaped. The rod is pressed into the connected part by tools such as riveting guns, forming a permanent connection between the hat head and the rod.

2. Sales: Sales are fasteners used to locate and secure components. It is usually cylindrical or conical in shape and can be inserted into the hole of the connected component for positioning and fixing purposes.

3. Expansion bolt: Expansion bolt is a fastener that uses a wedge-shaped slope to promote expansion and generate frictional grip force, achieving a fastening effect. It is usually used for connecting hard materials such as concrete and brick walls.

4. Welding nail: Welding nail is a fastener that is connected by welding. One end of it has a threaded or other shaped head, and the other end is a nail rod, which is firmly connected to the connected part by welding.

3、 Advanced article: Selection and application skills of fasteners

After understanding the basic classification and special types of fasteners, we also need to master how to choose suitable fasteners and application skills according to actual needs.

1. Selection principle: When selecting fasteners, the material, thickness, aperture, and other factors of the connected parts should be considered first to ensure that the selected fasteners can match the connected parts. Secondly, it is necessary to consider factors such as the load-bearing capacity, working environment, and service life of fasteners, and choose fasteners with sufficient strength and stability.

2. Application skills: When using fasteners, pay attention to the correct installation method and sequence. For example, when installing bolts and nuts, the connected parts should be pre tightened to a certain degree first, and then the nuts should be gradually tightened to avoid deformation or damage to the connected parts caused by over tightening at once. In addition, it is important to regularly inspect and replace aging or damaged fasteners to ensure the safe and stable operation of the mechanical device.

Through the introduction in this article, I believe everyone has gained a deeper understanding of the classification methods for fasteners. In practical applications, we can choose the appropriate type of fasteners based on specific needs and scenarios, and master the correct application techniques to ensure the safe and stable operation of mechanical devices. Meanwhile, with the continuous advancement and innovation of technology, there may be more new types of fasteners in the future, and we need to keep an eye on and learn in order to better respond to various challenges and needs.